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Pollen basket
The pollen basket or ''corbicula'' is part of the tibia on the hind legs of certain species of bees. They use the structure in harvesting pollen and returning it to the nest or hive.
==Etymology==
There was little formal description of the corbicula before Carl Linnaeus explained the biological function of pollen in the mid-18th century. In English the first edition of Encyclopædia Britannica described the structure in 1771 without giving it any special name. The second edition, 1777, refers to the corbicula simply as the "basket". By 1802 William Kirby had introduced the Latin term ''corbicula'' into English. He had borrowed it, with acknowledgement, from Réaumur. This New Latin term, like many other Latin anatomical terms, had the advantages of specificity, international acceptability, and culture neutrality. By 1820 the term pollen-basket seems to have gained acceptance in beekeeping vernacular, though a century later a compendium of entomological terminology recognised pollen-plate and corbicula without including "pollen-basket".〔Smith, John. B. Explanation of terms used in entomology. Pub: Brooklyn Entomological Society 1906. May be downloaded from: ()〕 Yet another century, and authorities as eminent as the current authors of "Imms" included only the terms scopa and corbicula in the index, though they did include "pollen basket" in the text.
The New Latin term ''corbicula'' is a diminutive of ''corbis'', a basket or pannier.〔Ainsworth, Robert; Eds: Morell, Thomas; Carey, John | An Abridgment of Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary, 13th ed. | London 1834〕 ''Corbula'' (not a term used in entomology) is given as the Late Latin diminutive, but at least one dictionary simply lists ''corbicula'' as a very small basket.
''Corbicula'' is the singular; its plural is ''corbiculae'', reflecting the fact that in Latin the gender is feminine,〔 but a troublesome confusion has arisen ever since at least one author c. 1866 assumed ''corbicula'' to be the plural of (an actually non-existent neuter form) ''corbiculum''. The error has propagated through successive textbooks and reference works and troublesomely, it still is to be found as a minority misconception in modern publications.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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